The Development of Village Potential Through Capacity Building in Tunjungtirto Village Singosari Sub-District Malang District

Article history: Date Submission: 19 June 2020 First revision: 04 August 2020 Accepted: 07 August 2020 Available online: 20 August 2020 This study analyze about development of village potential through capacity building in Tunjungtirto village, Singosari Sub-District, Malang district. The author analyze that development of village potential through capacity building has five main elements, knowledge in the form of developing educational potential, religious potential, agriculture potential, farm potential and village library. Than leadership by the village head, cooperation between villages, community in the form of village business entity (BUMDesa), travel conscious group and agriculture group. Than online information program which is conducted by village head to facilitate submitting information about village activities to villagers or submitting community suggestions and critisms by online. Leadership by the village head in accordance with the law number 6 of 2014 about village has regulate local village authority. Collaboration between Tunjungtirto village with Lang Lang village about the use of clean water sources. Travel conscious group (Pokdarwis) has develop creativity through mural village and dolanan village to attract tourist.


Introduction
The development of local potential is derived from the existence of village funds from the central government. From the village funds is expected to build local economy through developing human potential and natural potential. In the big concept, there are three concept of development, that is top down development, bottom up development and local economic development. Top down development concerned only in the big region. So it can cause of economic inequality with suburban areas or with deficiency natural resources areas. While in bottom up development, prioritize to build their own theritory. Build their own theritory can be encourage free trade, because there is no development standards. It can be through the globalization, so the implementation certainly difficult. Then, there is a new concept, local economic development that prioritizes of economic progress, not only depend on abundant natural potential but also human potential. So the area with little natural potential can develop the region through creative human potential. a) Problem formulation How is the potential development in Tunjungtirto Village in developing the capacity of The village apparaturs? b) Research Objectives Based on problems formulation, the objectives of the research are to find out, describe and analyze the development of village potential through the concept of capacity building.

Theory
Conceptually, local economic development is the development of natural potential, human potential and geographical potential which can improve the regional economy. The development of local potential is increasing the role of endogenous elements in the socio economic life of a locality while still observing the linkages and integration according to functional and spatial with a wider area (Coffey & Polese, 1984). Main idea of local economic development is development of local companies and local entrepreneurships. Local economic development starting from local entrepreneurships. If there is no natural potential, it can be develop from human potential through society with develop small business such a stall that sell basic necessities or food stalls. After that occure another food stalls at the same place that motivied to develop their own business. Indirectly, arises economy which relies on local creative.
In the smart book of village funds written by the finance minister of Republic of Indonesia PMK 112/PMK.07/2017 explained that the source of funds provided to the village used to improve the economy and community welfare. Law number 6 of 2014 about village emphasize that village is the spearhead of development and improvement of people's welfare. Village has opportunity to develop local economic research development through community training and marketing, livestock and fisheries business development and tourism area development through village owned enterprises.
The main problem for analyzing the potential in the village includes five, problems related to improving the rural sector (agriculture and industry), environmentalproblems, education and health issues,infrastructure problems and institutional problems in the community (Adisasmita, 2013). The agricultural problems in the form of irrigation canal and agricultural problems in the rainy season and pesticides. During the dry season, the land becomes dry, causing soil to be infertile. The reason is the low marketing of agricultural products in village cooperatives and partnerships with local government. Besides that, to develop the potential that exist in the village, there needs to be local wisdom.
According to Merilee S. Grindle (1977, pp. 6-12) capacity building is intended to encompass a variety of strategies that have to do with increasing the efficiency, effectiveness and responsiveness of government performance. Capacity building can also be interpreted as an effort to improve the ability of the community to develop their skills to build cultural, socio political and economic and human resources. Udoh James in Soeprapto (2006) give an explanation that capacity building is attempt to enchance the ability of people of developing nations to develop essential politics and management skill necessary to build their nation's human, economic, social political and cultural structures so as to their proper place in global affairs.

Research Method
Data collection techniques are strategic step taken by researches to collect data. In supporting interview, the authors determine several informants who have active roles and have answers that are relevant to the focus of the study. In this study, key informants were the Tunjungtirto village government, Tunjungtirto Village head, community and village empowerment center Malang, Malang district government and Tunjungtirto village community. a) Primary Data Source • Interview (in depth interview) is one of the techniques for collecting data directly facing the interviewees. Interviews are direct evidence of facts in the environments. In this case, the interview was conducted using the rules with interview guidelines and self determination of the questions submitted to the interviewees. • Observation is a data collection technique that directly sees the events and activities of developing village potential through capacity building. The goal is that researchers are able to present realistic data both behavior and events. b) Secondary data source is obtained through library studies, researches study books and journals related to the topic of the research. c) Research method Qualitative data analysis based on Patton in Moleong that step by step of research method is: • Examine data, with the potential development in Tunjungtirto Village it can be develop the existing potential and supported by capacity building; • Data reduction, an activity summarizing the notes found in the field related to research problems; • Categorization, research sorting and classifying certain objects under study. After that, it grouped according to certain criteria desired by the researcher; and • Interpreting data and making final conclusions, verifying the data collected clearly and surely. This is also a conclusion from all data obtained from the result of the study to obtain the main points of research and problem solving.

Results and Discussion
The ability of the region in the development implementation is to facilitate the village government in determining development priorities. Enhancing the ability of Tunjungtirto village communities to create development that has competitiveness and readiness to manage agricultural products and other fields as well as the utilization of natural resources so they can be managed optimally. The development policy at the stage of embodiment of religious, empowering and prosperous visiting communities is strengthening the management of local economic potential, strengthening skills and entrepreneurship, improving the quality of public services, increased the development equity, increasing the welfare of the community, increasing harmony between religious people and social solidarity, improvement of pro-people programs (poverty reduction), increasing legal awareness, increasing awareness of democracy and politics, pioneering and developing small industries, trade and tourism agriculture and development of human resource based tourism.
There are four Institutional potential of early childhood education in Tunjungtirto village: permata, cahaya insani, insane mulia and as-sakinah. But the development there are obstacles to the lack to funding the government so that early childhood education in Tunjungtrito village is less of development. Beside that, As-sakinah early childhood education still does not get permission from the local environment, it still have a polemics.
There are four institutional potential of kindergarten in Tunjungtirto village: Pembina kindergarten, Muslimat 32 Darul Faroh kindergarten, RA An-Nur and RA Al-Karim. The problems in all kindergarten education in Tunjungtirto village is lack of funding so it less of development. The kindergarten need for additional facilities and infrastructure in addition of playground for children to provide impression.
There are three institutional potential in elementary school in Tunjungtirto village: Tunjungtirto 1 elementary school, Tunjungtirto 2 elementary school and MI Al-Maarif 07. But there is a lack of community interes to send their children to local elementary school. It is necessary to improve the quality of services and improve the quality of teachers.
There are two junior high school in Tunjungtirto village: MTS Darul Faroh 4 and junior high school 4 Singosari. But the society in Tunjungtirto village were less interested to send their children to that school, because junior high schools in the village are less known to the community. Therefore, it is necessary to improve school facilities and infrastructure and improve teacher quality.
SMKN 02 Singosari is the only one senior high school in Tunjungtirto village. SMK 02 Singosari is a newly established school that requires increased facilities and infrastructure to support learning activities. Tunjungtirto village has one university that can be a community reference, namely Institut Teknologi Nasional (ITN) 2 Malang. However, the university did not socialize with the community or village government so that only a fewer people had an interest in studying at ITN 2 Malang. The university should approach the village government and the community so the community can study at ITN 2 Malang.
Tunjungtirto village has eight agricultural groups and livestock group namely bina tirta 1-6, hippa bina tirta and livestock group bina tirta. Agricultural groups and livestock group are formed as a forum for activities in agriculture. The activities of farmers and ranchers garther in regular meetings to interact and exchange ideas and experiences.
Books in the village library can provide knowledge about skills and potential that can be developed in the community such as how to raise livestock, farm, ornamental plant, cultivation, etc. However, public interest in reading is still low because the collection of books in the library is limited. The village government should work together with the central library to accommodate the reading needs of the village community so there is no shortage of reading materials.
Based on law number 32 of 2004 concering regional government that village regulations are changed to democratic villages with the formation of village consultative (BPD) that contribute to making village decision through village regulation to accommodate the aspirations of the community. The village government program in Tunjungtirto village are build village clinics, improving village office facilities, widening village axis roads and build Tirto park.
Inter-village cooperation is only limited to cooperation in the utilization of clean water sources with Langlang village. Utilizaation of water sources through piping that flows into recident's homes. Other collaboration are still in the planning, namely green open spaces and sports infrastructure in the village field.

Conclusion
From the discussion in the previous chapter, it can be concluded that the development of village potential through capacity building through five main elements, namely Knowledge in the form of developing education, religious, agricultural, animal husbandry and village library potential.Tunjungtirto village has led by Mrs. Hanik Dwi Martya for the period 2013-2019. The leadership of the village head in accordance with Law number 6 of 2014 concering villages, namely the regulation has the right to regulate local village authority which consists of three fields, namely development, empowerment and guidance.
The inter-village network has been carried out in Tunjungtirto village that the management and utilization of water resources from Langlang village. In addition there is also land rent to individuals. This land is planned to be build in Green Open Space and sports infrastructure. In setting village boundaries, Tunjungtirto village also needs to collaborate with Banjararum village in accordance with minister of Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Number 45 of 2016 concering Guidelines and confirmation of village boundaries. Collaboration between other villages is the formation of company associations to facilitate the community in finding job vacancies.